Linux

Process's states

R - TASK_RUNNING: The process is either executing on a CPU or waiting to run.
S - TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE: The process is waiting for some condition: a
hardware request, system resource access, or signal. When an event or
signal satisfies the condition , the process returns to Running.

D - TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE: This process is also Sleeping, but unlike s state,
will not respond to delivered signals . Used only under specific conditions in
which process interruption may cause an unpredictable device state.

K - TASK_KILLABLE: Identical to the uninterruptible D state, but modified to
allow the waiting task to respond to a signal to be killed (exited completely).
Utilities frequently display Killable processes as D state.

T - TAS K_STO P P E D : T h e p rocess h a s been Stopped (s u s p e n ded), u s u a l l y by
b e i n g s i g n a led by a user or an other process. The process can be continued
(resumed) by an others ignal to return to Running.

T - TASK_TRACED: A process that is being debugged is also temporarily
Stopped and shares the same T state flag.

Z - EXIT_ZOMBIE: A child process signals its parent as it exits. All resources
except for the process identity (PlD) a re released.

X - EXIT_DEAD: When the parent cleans up (reaps) the remaining child process
structure, the process is now released completely. This state will never be
observed in process - listing utilities.

mail

MTA - передача писем, только SMTP
MDA - получение писем, MDA общается с MTA для их получения

MTA - exim, postfix, sendmail
MDA - dovecot, cyrus

nextcloud preview configuration

I don't want to generate all the preview sizes


This is possible since version 1.0.8. Just set the correct values via the command line

./occ config:app:set --value="32 64 1024" previewgenerator squareSizes
./occ config:app:set --value="64 128 1024" previewgenerator widthSizes
./occ config:app:set --value="64 256 1024" previewgenerator heightSizes


This will only generate:

• square previews ofL 32x32, 64x64 and 1024x1024* aspect ratio previews with a width of: 64, 128 and 1024
• aspect ratio previews with a height of: 64, 256 and 1024


Note:

• preview sizes are always a power of 2.
• The smallest size is 32
• The max size is determined by your preview settings in config.php

Some stuff

disown -a && exit - выйти не закрывая работающие процессы

VirtualBox

VBoxManage clonehd absolutepath/image.vdi image.img --format raw - сконвертировать vdi в сырой диск
VBoxManage internalcommands createrawvmdk -filename disk.vmdk -rawdisk /dev/sda - создать vmdk который является физическим диском