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== Tools ==

=== BOMB grep ===

<code>grep -H -l -R $'\uFEFF' .</code>

=== SQL alter/convert ===

* таблицу и поля в кодировки

<code>ALTER TABLE `DATABASE`.`TABLE` CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci;</code>

* базу, таблицы, поля в кодировки

<code>ALTER DATABASE `DATABASE` DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin;</code>

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6115612/how-to-convert-an-entire-mysql-database-characterset-and-collation-to-utf-8#6115705

<blockquote>
Use the ALTER DATABASE and ALTER TABLE commands.

<source>ALTER DATABASE databasename CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;
ALTER TABLE tablename CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_unicode_ci;</source>
Or if you're still on MySQL 5.5.2 or older which didn't support 4-byte UTF-8, use utf8 instead of utf8mb4:

<source>ALTER DATABASE databasename CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci;
ALTER TABLE tablename CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_unicode_ci;</source>
</blockquote>

=== wp-cli ===

<source>
Проверить версию wp:
wp core version

Инормация по wp-cli:
wp --info

Экспортировать базу:
wp db export databasename


Импортировать базу:
wp db import databasename

Заменить в базе все value1 на value2:
wp search-replace value1 value2

Обновить кэш:
wp cache flush

Получить информацию по опциям из таблицы wp_options базы данных:
wp option get home
wp option get siteurl

--- --- ---
</source>

=== битрих ругается на какой-то xss ===

<code>php_value mbstring.func_overload 2</code>

<source>
[Error] Call to undefined function mb_orig_strpos() (0) /public_html/bitrix/modules/security/classes/general/post_filter.php:320 #0: CSecurityXSSDetect::fastStrpos(string, string) /public_html/bitrix/modules/security/classes/general/post_filter.php:190 #1: CSecurityXSSDetect->findInArray(string, array) /public_html/bitrix/modules/security/classes/general/post_filter.php:221 #2: CSecurityXSSDetect->isDangerBody(string) /public_html/bitrix/modules/security/classes/general/post_filter.php:237 #3: CSecurityXSSDetect->getFilteredScriptBody(string) /public_html/bitrix/modules/security/classes/general/post_filter.php:262 #4: CSecurityXSSDetect->getFilteredScript(array) #5: preg_replace_callback(string, array, string) /public_html/bitrix/modules/security/classes/general/post_filter.php:274 #6: CSecurityXSSDetect->filter(string) /public_html/bitrix/modules/security/classes/general/post_filter.php:72 #7: CSecurityXSSDetect->process(string) /public_html/bitrix/modules/security/classes/general/post_filter.php:55 #8: CSecurityXSSDetect::OnEndBufferContent(string) /public_html/bitrix/modules/main/classes/general/module.php:490 #9: ExecuteModuleEventEx(array, array) /public_html/bitrix/modules/main/classes/general/main.php:3192 #10: CAllMain->EndBufferContent(string) /public_html/bitrix/modules/main/classes/general/main.php:3140 #11: CAllMain->EndBufferContentMan() /public_html/bitrix/modules/main/include/epilog_after.php:36 #12: require(string) /public_html/index.php:1

</source>

=== UTF-8 в нечитабельном виде ===

Юзаем питон:<br>
<code>python -c "print(b'кракозябры'.decode('utf-8'))"</code> <br>

Пример: <br>
<code>python -c "print(b'\xd0\xb2\xd1\x8b\xd0\xbf\xd0\xbe\xd0\xbb\xd0\xbd\xd0\xb5\xd0\xbd\xd0\xbd\xd1\x8b\xd0\xb9 '.decode('utf-8'))"</code>

u**** - unicode_escape

<source>
python -c "print(b'\u041d\u0430 \u0441\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0448\u0438\u0431\u043a\u0430. \u041f\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043b\u0443\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0430, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044c\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u0445\u043e\u0434\u044f\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u044b \u0430\u0434\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0439'.decode('unicode_escape'))"
На сайте возникла критическая ошибка. Пожалуйста, проверьте входящие сообщения почты администратора для дальнейших инструкций

</source>

=== logs nginx speed + logs smtp ===

<code>awk '{print $1, $2, $3, $15, $13}'</code>  - время ответа (nginx) <br>
<code>awk '{print $1, $2, $3, $16, $13}'</code> - код ответа http (для апача $16 -> $15)

<code>logs s <!DATE!> | egrep $(logs s <!DATE!> | egrep <!SITES!> | grep '<=' | awk '{print $8, $14, $15}' | awk '{print $1}' | sort | uniq | tr '\n' '|' | rev | cut -c 2- | rev)</code>

=== awk more than ===

<code> awk '{if ($1 > 300) print $1, $2;}'</code>

=== grep рекурсивно файлы ===

<code>grep -H -l -R "pattern" .</code>


=== SQL дубликаты в таблице ===

<code>SELECT name, COUNT(*) c FROM table GROUP BY name HAVING c > 1;</code>

=== SQL for Wordpress ===

https://misha.blog/wordpress/sql-queries-domain.html  

<code>UPDATE wp_posts SET post_content = REPLACE (post_content, 'OLD', 'NEW');</code> <br>
<code>UPDATE wp_postmeta SET meta_value = REPLACE (meta_value, 'OLD', 'NEW');</code>

=== PHP Mail ===

<source>
<?
var_dump(mail("test@test.ru", "test", "test"));
?>
</source>

=== Mass dig [BASH] ===

<source>
function massHosts() {
        for i in $@ ; do
                echo '--'
                echo $i;
                dig a +short $i
                #echo '=='
        done

}
</source>

=== bitrix in cp1251 ===

<source>
php_value default_charset "cp1251"
php_value mbstring.internal_encoding cp1251
php_value mbstring.func_overload 2
</source>

=== bitrix pcre ===

<source>
размер стека и pcre.recursion_limit

Для этого добавил в файл .htaccess в корневой директории вашего аккаунта следующие директивы:
php_value pcre.jit 0
php_value pcre.recursion_limit 100000 - удалил
</source>

=== bitrix mysqli ===

<code>define("BX_USE_MYSQLI", true);</code><br>

<code>        'className' => '\\Bitrix\\Main\\DB\\MysqliConnection',</code><br>


=== bitrix run in cli ===

<code>$_SERVER["DOCUMENT_ROOT"] = __DIR__;</code>

=== htaccess regular rewrites ===

[[htaccess rewrites]]

=== htaccess нет редиректу на слеш ===

<code>DirectorySlash Off</code>

=== hta remove slashes ===

<source>
RewriteCond %{THE_REQUEST} ([^\s]*)\/{2,}(\?[^\s]*)?
RewriteRule (.*) %1 [R=301,L]
</source>

https://qna.habr.com/q/232562

=== htaccess remove index.html index.php ===

https://www.reg.ru/support/hosting-i-servery/file-htaccess/kak-ubratu-index-html-iz-url

=== sed s!!! ===

<code>:%s!что!на-что!g</code>

=== vim открыть в кодировке ===

Кодировка открытия (сохранится в ней же): <code>:e ++enc=cp1251</code>

Кодировка сохранения: <code>:set fileencoding=utf-8</code>

Перевод строки: <code>:set fileformat=unix</code>


https://renotes.ru/post-146/vim-ecoding


=== MySQL repair ===

<code>mysqlcheck -r -u'база_данных' -p'пароль_базы_данных' 'база_данных'</code>

=== MySQL 5.7 -> 5.6 ===

<code>sed -i 's#ENGINE=InnoDB#ENGINE=InnoDB ROW_FORMAT=DYNAMIC#g' dump.sql</code>

=== Unknown collation: ‘utf8mb4_unicode_520_ci’ ===

<code>sed -i "s#utf8mb4_unicode_520_ci#utf8mb4_unicode_ci#g"</code>

=== рекурсивная замена в файлах for'ом sed'ом ===

<code>for i in `grep -rl 'что' .`; do sed -i 's%что%на_что%g' $i; done</code>

=== remove wget listings ===

<code>find . -name '.listing' -delete</code>

=== zfs quota ===

* Всего:

<code>zfs get userquota@$USER zpool/home </code><br>

* Использовано:

<code>zfs get userused@$USER zpool/home</code>

=== tar compress ===

<code> tar -cvzf public_html.tar.gz </code>

=== chmod find ===

<source>
find . -type f -exec chmod 644 {} +

find . -type d -exec chmod 755 {} +
</source>

== links ==

проксирование нгинксом, заголовки, балансировка: https://devacademy.ru/comment/5

apache mod_rewrite: https://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.4/rewrite/remapping.html

nginx переменные в ngx_http_core_module: https://nginx.org/en/docs/http/ngx_http_core_module.html#var_remote_addr

все переменные в нгинксе: https://nginx.org/en/docs/varindex.html

(mediawiki) nginx - location и полезности по регуляркам: https://rav.pw/nginx-location/

(mediawiki) полезности по регуляркам: https://www.karashchuk.com/Apache/htaccess_regexp/

легко и понятно про mod_rewrite (и про регулярки): https://hackware.ru/?p=5543

советы по php-fpm http://pektop.net/2013/09/sovety-po-nastrojke-i-optimizacii-nginx-i-php-fpm/

тоже php-fpm https://rtfm.co.ua/nginx-nastrojka-servera-i-php-fpm/

и еще php-fpm https://hcbogdan.com/php/2016/09/16/php-fpm-dynamic/


https://github.com/EliverLara/Juno

https://it-para.site/neprinuzhdionnye-is.html

https://habr.com/ru/company/mailru/blog/490790/



https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Complete_Virtual_Mail_Server/Courier-IMAP_to_Database/ru

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Courier

https://1cloud.ru/help/linux/nastrojka-exim4

https://skorks.com/2009/09/bash-shortcuts-for-maximum-productivity/

https://vim.rtorr.com/

mail - https://habr.com/ru/post/59417/

DNS - https://habr.com/ru/post/137587/

== Docs ==

=== редиректы в .htaccess ===

https://web-optimizator.com/301-redirekt-htaccess/

=== PHP cli w/ params ===

<source>
php PATH -k parameter
</source>


=== 4XX Mail Timeout Greylisting ===

https://wolandblog.com/850-filtruem-spam-pravilno-s-primerami-dlya-postfix/#greylist

<blockquote>
Серый список. Работа грейлистинга основывается на том, что поведение клиентов рассылающих спам отличается от поведения честных почтовых серверов. В ходе SMTP сессии грейлист отдает клиенту ошибку с кодом (4xx), который означает “временная ошибка, попробуйте повторить позже”. Честный почтовый сервер через время обязательно предпримет попытку повторной доставки, поскольку умеет держать очередь почтовых сообщений. Спамеры же в свою очередь очередей не держат, это продиктовано огромными объемами рассылок
</blockquote>

=== Перенос сайтов на Python ===

http://simp.ly/p/FgKNHq

full - https://app.simplenote.com/p/FgKNHq

=== mixed content easy fix ===

.htaccess

<code>Header always set Content-Security-Policy "upgrade-insecure-requests"</code>

=== битрикс pcre limit ===

<code>php_value pcre.jit 0</code>

== Defaults ==

=== .htaccess Wordpress ===

<source>
# BEGIN WordPress

RewriteEngine On
RewriteBase /
RewriteRule ^index\.php$ - [L]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule . /index.php [L]

# END WordPress
</source>

=== .htaccess OpenCart ===

<source>
# 1.To use URL Alias you need to be running apache with mod_rewrite enabled.

# 2. In your opencart directory rename htaccess.txt to .htaccess.

# For any support issues please visit: http://www.opencart.com

Options +FollowSymlinks

# Prevent Directoy listing
Options -Indexes

# Prevent Direct Access to files
<FilesMatch "(?i)((\.tpl|\.ini|\.log|(?<!robots)\.txt))">
Require all denied
## For apache 2.2 and older, replace «Require all denied» with these two lines :
# Order deny,allow
# Deny from all
</FilesMatch>

# SEO URL Settings
RewriteEngine On
# If your opencart installation does not run on the main web folder make sure you folder it does run in ie. / becomes /shop/

RewriteBase /
RewriteRule ^sitemap.xml$ index.php?route=extension/feed/google_sitemap [L]
RewriteRule ^googlebase.xml$ index.php?route=extension/feed/google_base [L]
RewriteRule ^system/download/(.*) index.php?route=error/not_found [L]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !.*\.(ico|gif|jpg|jpeg|png|js|css)
RewriteRule ^([^?]*) index.php?_route_=$1 [L,QSA]

### Additional Settings that may need to be enabled for some servers
### Uncomment the commands by removing the # sign in front of it.
### If you get an «Internal Server Error 500» after enabling any of the following settings, restore the # as this means your host doesn’t allow that.

# 1. If your cart only allows you to add one item at a time, it is possible register_globals is on. This may work to disable it:
# php_flag register_globals off

# 2. If your cart has magic quotes enabled, This may work to disable it:
# php_flag magic_quotes_gpc Off

# 3. Set max upload file size. Most hosts will limit this and not allow it to be overridden but you can try
# php_value upload_max_filesize 999M

# 4. set max post size. uncomment this line if you have a lot of product options or are getting errors where forms are not saving all fields
# php_value post_max_size 999M

# 5. set max time script can take. uncomment this line if you have a lot of product options or are getting errors where forms are not saving all fields
# php_value max_execution_time 200

# 6. set max time for input to be recieved. Uncomment this line if you have a lot of product options or are getting errors where forms are not saving all fields
# php_value max_input_time 200

# 7. disable open_basedir limitations
# php_admin_value open_basedir none
</source>

=== .htaccess Joomla ===

<source>
##
# @package Joomla
# @copyright Copyright (C) 2005 - 2012 Open Source Matters. All rights reserved.
# @license GNU General Public License version 2 or later; see LICENSE.txt
##

##
# READ THIS COMPLETELY IF YOU CHOOSE TO USE THIS FILE!
#
# The line just below this section: 'Options +FollowSymLinks' may cause problems
# with some server configurations. It is required for use of mod_rewrite, but may already
# be set by your server administrator in a way that dissallows changing it in
# your .htaccess file. If using it causes your server to error out, comment it out (add # to
# beginning of line), reload your site in your browser and test your sef url's. If they work,
# it has been set by your server administrator and you do not need it set here.
##

## Can be commented out if causes errors, see notes above.
Options +FollowSymLinks

## Mod_rewrite in use.

RewriteEngine On

## Begin - Rewrite rules to block out some common exploits.
# If you experience problems on your site block out the operations listed below
# This attempts to block the most common type of exploit `attempts` to Joomla!
#
# Block out any script trying to base64_encode data within the URL.
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} base64_encode[^(]*\([^)]*\) [OR]
# Block out any script that includes a <script> tag in URL.
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} (<|%3C)([^s]*s)+cript.*(>|%3E) [NC,OR]
# Block out any script trying to set a PHP GLOBALS variable via URL.
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} GLOBALS(=|\[|\%[0-9A-Z]{0,2}) [OR]
# Block out any script trying to modify a _REQUEST variable via URL.
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} _REQUEST(=|\[|\%[0-9A-Z]{0,2})
# Return 403 Forbidden header and show the content of the root homepage
RewriteRule .* index.php [F]
#
## End - Rewrite rules to block out some common exploits.

## Begin - Custom redirects
#
# If you need to redirect some pages, or set a canonical non-www to
# www redirect (or vice versa), place that code here. Ensure those
# redirects use the correct RewriteRule syntax and the [R=301,L] flags.
#
## End - Custom redirects

##
# Uncomment following line if your webserver's URL
# is not directly related to physical file paths.
# Update Your Joomla! Directory (just / for root).
##

# RewriteBase /

## Begin - Joomla! core SEF Section.
#
RewriteRule .* - [E=HTTP_AUTHORIZATION:%{HTTP:Authorization}]
#
# If the requested path and file is not /index.php and the request
# has not already been internally rewritten to the index.php script
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/index\.php
# and the request is for something within the component folder,
# or for the site root, or for an extensionless URL, or the
# requested URL ends with one of the listed extensions
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} /component/|(/[^.]*|\.(php|html?|feed|pdf|vcf|raw))$ [NC]
# and the requested path and file doesn't directly match a physical file
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
# and the requested path and file doesn't directly match a physical folder
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
# internally rewrite the request to the index.php script
RewriteRule .* index.php [L]
#
## End - Joomla! core SEF Section.
</source>


=== config OpenCart ===

https://nomoney.su/universalnyiy-konfig-config-php-dlya-opencart-2-x

==== admin/config.php ====

<source>
<?php
$host = $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'];
// HTTP
define('HTTP_SERVER', 'http://'.$host.'/admin/');
define('HTTP_CATALOG', 'http://'.$host.'/');

// HTTPS
define('HTTPS_SERVER', 'http://'.$host.'/admin/');
define('HTTPS_CATALOG', 'http://'.$host.'/');

$dir = dirname(dirname(__FILE__));

// DIR
define('DIR_APPLICATION', $dir.'/admin/');
define('DIR_SYSTEM', $dir.'/system/');
define('DIR_LANGUAGE', $dir.'/admin/language/');
define('DIR_TEMPLATE', $dir.'/admin/view/template/');
define('DIR_CONFIG', $dir.'/system/config/');
define('DIR_IMAGE', $dir.'/image/');
define('DIR_CACHE', $dir.'/system/storage/cache/');
define('DIR_DOWNLOAD', $dir.'/system/storage/download/');
define('DIR_LOGS', $dir.'/system/storage/logs/');
define('DIR_MODIFICATION', $dir.'/system/storage/modification/');
define('DIR_UPLOAD', $dir.'/system/storage/upload/');
define('DIR_CATALOG', $dir.'/catalog/');

// DB
define('DB_DRIVER', 'mysqli');
define('DB_HOSTNAME', 'localhost');
define('DB_USERNAME', 'root');
define('DB_PASSWORD', '12345');
define('DB_DATABASE', 'oc21');
define('DB_PORT', '3306');
define('DB_PREFIX', 'oc_');
</source>

==== config.php ====

<source>
<?php
$host = $_SERVER['HTTP_HOST'];
// HTTP
define('HTTP_SERVER', 'http://'.$host.'/');

// HTTPS
define('HTTPS_SERVER', 'http://'.$host.'/');

$dir = dirname(__FILE__);

// DIR
define('DIR_APPLICATION',  $dir.'/catalog/');
define('DIR_SYSTEM',  $dir.'/system/');
define('DIR_LANGUAGE',  $dir.'/catalog/language/');
define('DIR_TEMPLATE',  $dir.'/catalog/view/theme/');
define('DIR_CONFIG',  $dir.'/system/config/');
define('DIR_IMAGE',  $dir.'/image/');
define('DIR_CACHE',  $dir.'/system/storage/cache/');
define('DIR_DOWNLOAD',  $dir.'/system/storage/download/');
define('DIR_LOGS',  $dir.'/system/storage/logs/');
define('DIR_MODIFICATION',  $dir.'/system/storage/modification/');
define('DIR_UPLOAD',  $dir.'/system/storage/upload/');

// DB
define('DB_DRIVER', 'mysqli');
define('DB_HOSTNAME', 'localhost');
define('DB_USERNAME', 'root');
define('DB_PASSWORD', '12345');
define('DB_DATABASE', 'oc21');
define('DB_PORT', '3306');
define('DB_PREFIX', 'oc_');
</source>